CWNP Blog

CWNP
November 14, 2007

802.11n: 5 Reasons to Go For It!

1. The technology works.

With all of the vendors racing to be first, there's already a significant number of successful enterprise 802.11n deployments that prove that the technology actually works. This is, of course, on top of all of the certification testing completed by the Wi-Fi Alliance. I've tested a number of client adapters (Mini-PCIe, CardBus, USB, etc) and a small number of enterprise 802.11n APs. They work.

CWNP
November 05, 2007

802.11n and Indoor Mesh

I was just sitting here reflecting on 802.11 indoor mesh networks. The main problem with using mesh nodes (those APs that are connected to the network wirelessly) is the degraded throughput for client stations. When stations transmit to the mesh node, it has to repeat the traffic to its upstream mesh node. This continues until the traffic arrives at the mesh portal - an AP connected to the wired infrastruture.

CWNP
October 31, 2007

802.11n: The Top 5 Reasons To Wait

Trust me, there are many reasons to wait. I just thought I'd share a "quick 5" with you. I've been playing with 802.11n gear now for quite a while, and I deal with these issues quite a bit. I've been talking to quite a number of people about the "why / why not" of 802.11n implementation, and here are some that are pretty common. Enjoy.

CWNP
October 16, 2007

802.11n Upgrade: AP Substitution. Is it viable?

I'm sure that by now you've read the early 802.11n deployment documentation by various vendors. It's pretty much a consensus in these documents that there are a small set of ways to deploy an 802.11n upgrade to an 802.11a/g network. As a precursor, it is highly recommended by most vendors to use 5 GHz for the bulk of 802.11n deployments due to more available channels and bandwidth. Continue reading...

CWNP
October 08, 2007

802.11n Line Rate vs. Data Rate - Part 1: Frame Aggregation

Although the PHY layer enhancements (such as MIMO, 40 MHz wide channels and short guard intervals) introduced in 802.11n improve the maximum line rate¹by more than 10x, the MAC layer enhancements (such as frame aggregation) are absolutely essential to achieving data rates that are anything close to the line rate. In this first article, we will briefly examine how data rate (802.11 throughput) is increased by MAC layer enhancements, in particular, we will look at frame aggregation. Without this 802.11n feature, it would not matter what line rate the physical layer achieves – the maximum data rate would be capped by overhead. Continue reading...

CWNP
October 06, 2007

Open Source WLAN Controller?

Have you ever seen DD-WRT? How about SVEASOFT? Perhaps WiFi-Box? No, well they've been around for quite a long time, and they are organizations taking advantage of Linksys open source code for WLAN routers such as the WRT54G, WRT54GL, and WRT54GS. These organizations take the source code for these units, provided by Linksys, and pack an amazing set of additional features into a somewhat unassuming piece of hardware - all for cheap or free. Cool. "So why does that matter to me?" you ask? Continue reading...

CWNP
September 20, 2007

Spectral Masks and Interference

The 802.11n draft 2.00 document defines both 20 and 40 MHz spectral masks. A transmit spectrum mask is the power contained in a specified frequency bandwidth, and regulatory bodies such as the FCC (United States) regulate how much power can be emitted from a transmitter at the center frequency and at given frequency points (called offsets) on both sides of the center frequency.

CWNP
September 19, 2007

Transmit Beamforming with Implicit Feedback

- Introduction -

Transmit Beamforming (TxBF) is a method of using a set of separate antennas as a virtual array to form high-gain beams focused at client stations. It is important that each transmitter (called the beamformer) understand the characteristics of the MIMO channel between itself and the receiver (called the beamformee) since transmissions will be tightly focused on a specific area.

CWNP
September 18, 2007

Link Adaptation

The complexity of 802.11n rate adaptation has given birth to the concept of Modulation Coding Scheme (MCS). MCS includes variables such as the number of spatial streams, modulation, and the data rate on each stream. Radios establishing and maintaining a link must automatically negotiate the optimum MCS based on channel conditions and then continuously adjust the selection of MCS as conditions change due to interference, motion, fading, and other events. There are 77 MCSs each for 20 MHz and 40 MHz channels in the current 802.11n draft, with eight of them (all for 20 MHz channels) being mandatory for 802.11n compliance (Section 20.6, Table n82). Link Adaptation is the 802.11n methodology of a transmitter and receiver working together to help each other understand which modulation and code scheme (MCS) is optimal given the current environment.

CWNP
September 17, 2007

U-PSMP and U-APSD

Unscheduled PSMP (U-PSMP) extends the U-APSD (also known as WMM-Power Save or WMM-PS) mechanism.

In a U-PSMP enabled WLAN, if there is no unscheduled service period (SP) in progress, the unscheduled SP begins when the AP receives a trigger frame from a station, which is a QoS data or QoS Null frame associated with an AC the station has configured to be trigger-enabled. An unscheduled SP ends after the AP has attempted to transmit at least one MSDU, A-MSDU, or MMPDU associated with a delivery-enabled AC and destined for the station, but no more than the number indicated in the Max SP Length field of the QoS Info field in the trigger frame (if the field has a non-zero value). The Max SP Length subfield is 2 bits in length and indicates the maximum number of total buffered MSDUs and MMPDUs the AP may deliver to a station during any SP triggered by the station.

Blog

Get the Newest Blog Direct to your Inbox